Cable papers play a crucial role in the production of electrical cables, which are essential for transmitting electrical signals and power. These papers are categorized based on the tension and current used in different types of cables. From telephone cables to high tension power cables, cable papers are designed to meet specific requirements and ensure the efficient functioning of the cables.

Telephone cable paper is used in cables that carry electrical signals for telecommunication purposes. These cables contain numerous individually isolated threads, and the paper used to insulate them needs to be thin to avoid excessive thickness. Typically, telephone cable paper has a weight of 30-40 g/m2. It must be strong, elastic, and free of any holes or debris to withstand the high-speed spinning machines used to wind the strands of the cable. The paper is sliced into narrow disc-shaped rolls before spinning, with a length of up to 4-6 km. While electrical characteristics are less critical for telephone cable paper, it needs to have a good thickness profile. However, with the rise of plastics and optical cables, the market for telephone cable paper is declining, as these materials are being used for insulation and long-distance applications.

On the other end of the spectrum, high tension power cable paper is used in cables that transmit power at very high tensions, often exceeding 400 kV. These cables have demanding requirements for paper, as it needs to be extremely clean to prevent any leaking currents. The production process involves using deionized water, and the paper typically weighs between 65-155 g/m2. High tension power cable paper is predominantly produced on twin-ply paper machines due to the specialized nature of the product and the need for ion-free water. The scale of production is limited due to the high entry barriers and specific requirements. The paper used in these cables is vital for their functional characteristics, as it improves formation and eliminates the risk of holes. Additionally, in the event of a leakage, the paper swells and prevents water from flowing along the cable, providing an added advantage.

Between the extremes of telephone and high tension power cables, there is a wide range of intermediate types of cable papers. However, these papers are gradually being substituted by plastic materials. As technology advances, the use of plastics for insulation and optical cables for long-distance applications is becoming more common.

In conclusion, cable papers are essential components of electrical cables, catering to different tension and current requirements. While telephone cable paper is becoming less prevalent due to the rise of plastics and optical cables, high tension power cable paper remains a specialized and vital product. The use of paper in sea cables offers the advantage of preventing water flow in case of a leakage. As the industry continues to evolve, the role of cable papers may change, but their importance in ensuring the efficiency and functionality of electrical cables remains significant.